Following are the various methods available for the determination of water content of soil: 1. Oven-Drying Method 2. Sand Bath Method 3. Alcohol Method 4. Infrared Lamp Torsion Balance Method 5. Calcium Carbide Method 6. Pycnometer Method. 1. Oven-Drying Method: The oven-drying method is the standard method of the determination of water content in the laboratory. Principle: The principle of [...]
Relative density of cohesionless soils is defined as the ratio of the difference between the void ratio of a cohesion- less soil in the loosest state and in-situ void ratio to the difference between its void ratios in the loosest and the densest states. Thus relative density (Dr), also called density index (Id), is defined by – Dr = [(emax [...]
There are two basic methods of determining specific gravity of soils: 1. Pycnometer method 2. Density bottle method. 1. Pycnometer Method: Pycnometer method is used to determine the specific gravity of coarse-grained soils. Apparatus: In this method, a pycnometer of 900-mL capacity is used for determination of specific gravity. However, IS – 2720 (Part 3/sec 2) – 1980 recommends the [...]