Upload NowRelative density of cohesionless soils is defined as the ratio of the difference between the void ratio of a cohesion- less soil in the loosest state and in-situ void ratio to the difference between its void ratios in the loosest and the densest states. Thus relative density (Dr), also called density index (Id), is defined […]
How to Determine the Relative Density of Soils ?
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How to Determine Specific Gravity of Soils ?
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There are two basic methods of determining specific gravity of soils: 1. Pycnometer method 2. Density bottle method. 1. Pycnometer Method: Pycnometer method is used to determine the specific gravity of coarse-grained soils. Apparatus: In this method, a pycnometer of 900-mL capacity is used for determination of specific gravity. However, IS – 2720 (Part 3/sec […]
How to Identify Clay Minerals in Soil: 5 Methods | Soil Mineralogy
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Clay minerals in soils can be identified using one or more of the following methods: 1. X-ray diffraction (XRD) 2. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) 3. Transmission electron microscopy 4. Scanning electron microscopy 5. Infrared spectroscopy. Method # 1. X-Ray Diffraction: X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique is one of the most commonly used methods to identify the […]